Tragic Details About The Little Rascals. The Little Rascals is 13438 on the JustWatch Daily Streaming Charts today. See more ideas about rascal, comedy short films, old tv shows. As a result of a collision between his motor scooter and a truck, William R Laughlin, 16, of 1357 Galemont Ave, Puente, died in Covina Hospital. The Little Rascals: Directed by Penelope Spheeris. Choose your favorite crayola drawings from 95 available designs. of the movie may have been mixed, but every kid who grew up in the '90s holds The Little Rascals near and dear to their hearts. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for The Little Rascals: Complete Collection (DVD, 8 discs, 80 Shorts) BRAND NEW at the best online prices at eBay! Free shipping for many products!Nov 5, 2017 - Explore Terrence Dragon's board "the little rascals" on Pinterest. TikTok video from ConvictDonald (@convictdonald): "Froggy from The Little Rascals & Miley Cyrus #mileyvoice #mileycyrusvoice #funny #meme #fyp. Spanky, Alfalfa, Buckwheat, Stymie, and Petey are some of the most memorable characters from The Little Rascals TV show, which ran from 1955 to 1957. The accident occurred in front of 1224 W Valley Blvd. Mickey (as Hal Roach's Rascals) John Hatton. The Little Rascals wearing firemen suits and fetching water in a scene from the film 'The Little Rascals', 1994. . Alfalfa is wooing Darla and his "He-Man-Woman-Hating" friends attempt to sabotage the relationship. How many of the original Little Rascals are still alive? 4 at the age of 93. What Happened To Froggy From The Little Rascals? On October 10, 1980, Billie Thomas, then 49 years old, went unexpectedly from complications resulting from an unexpected heart attack. Lake Lodge Cabins features a main lodge with a large porch offering a spectacular rocking chair view of Yellowstone Lake. 2 incarnations Dolly Pete the Pup Buckwheat Thomas Waldo Stymie Beard Uncle Hominy Woim Sales Lady Mom Sales Clerk Street Santa Butcher Angry Man Delivery Man. 2019 - 2022. Unfortunately, his life took a turn towards tragedy when he met an untimely end in 1948. Actor: The Little Rascals. Opening: June 10, 2024. Rede. In 1954, the Our Gang shorts, repackaged as The Little Rascals, appeared on television for the first time, introducing a new generation of fans to the antics of America's favorite kiddie comedians. These cameos included stars such as Ashley Olsen, Daryl Hannah, Lea Thompson, Mary-Kate Olsen, Mel Brooks, Raven-Symoné, Reba McEntire, George Wendt, and. Find GIFs with the latest and newest hashtags! Search, discover and share your favorite Little-rascals GIFs. They ever got the cast to pose for a side-by-side shot of the movie poster back then and now -- two decades later. Bekijk meer ideeën over oude tv, rogge, geschiedenis. Billy “Froggy” Laughlin. McGowan, Dickie Moore, Dorothy DeBorba on-set, 1933. The Little Rascals wearing firemen suits and fetching water in a scene from the film 'The Little Rascals', 1994. "The 1994 children's comedy The Little Rascals was a hilarious and heartwarming tribute to the series of short films of the same name. See more ideas about actors, old hollywood, classic hollywood. . Why is Froggy’s voice like that in Little Rascals 1994? Cahn. 5. Reddit's main subreddit for videos. Froggy was known for his unique voice, which was achieved by Laughlin. The Little Rascals (1994) 8/0. Little Rascal. Rose Hills Memorial Park. Froggy Little Rascals is a drawing by Jon Baldwin Art which was uploaded on June 28th, 2011. Behind the scenes, Bug Hall (Alfalfa) became friends with Travis Tedford (Spanky) and Blake Jeremy Collins (Woim). Written by Bert Kaempfert and Milton Gabler (as Milt Gabler)This is a tv classic video theme song from the old gone by days of movies titled "The Little Rascals". " But Alfalfa abandons the show saying his crooning days are over, and that opera is his true calling. A total of 647 items were found. IIRC, the “plunk your magic twanger” Froggy was from Buster. Mash Up Of Song's and Dance Numbers from Various Little Rascals Episodes. Actor. dolly grip Ken Blakey. The Little Rascals (1994) reunion — Alfalfa, Woim, Froggy, Butch, Darla. . UPDATED 1/11/2023. stunt double: Lex Medlin (uncredited) Camera and Electrical Department . Character: Froggy Birthday: November 21, 1986 Place of Birth: Date of Death: Place of Death: First Short: The Little Rascals Last Short: The Little Rascals Number of Shorts: 1 History: Not much is known about Jordan Blake Warkol. There are some great Our Gang moments here, with many scenes resurrecting those hilarious physical comedy gags. This was a tragic and terrible incident. Nov 16, 2020 03:20 A. Hutchins (March 29, 1925 – May 17, 1945) was an American child actor who was a regular in the Our Gang short subjects series from 1927 to 1933. Fun facts: cast, trivia, popularity rankings, and more. - Stymie: I wonder if she's not thinking of me, too?”. Share the best GIFs now >>>Laughlin had played Froggy in Our Gang shorts from 1940-1944. 1y. It was released August 5, 1994, and to celebrate its 20th Anniversary, Los Angeles based production. The Little Rascals first exploded onto the screen in 1955, and the band of ragtag kids that made up this group are still as famous today as they were back then. John Cooper Jr. When you think back to The Little Rascals — or Our Gang, if that’s your preference — undoubtedly a favorite character comes to mind, whether it be Spanky, Jackie, Joe Cobb, Alfalfa or any of the others. Peabody and Sherman; 2014) Stymie - Walter Beckett (Spies in Disguise) Froggy - Hiro Hamada (Big Hero 6) Porky - Harold Hutchins (Captain Underpants). Dancing Romeo (April 29, 1944) Our Gang (also known as The Little Rascals or Hal Roach's Rascals) is an American series of comedy short films chronicling a group of poor neighborhood children and their adventures. The Little Rascals Cast features some huge names in the Television industry. The adaptation of the beloved Our Gang TV shorts was a major moment for its diminutive cast, too, most of whom were making their on-screen debut. Froggy was the only character who appeared in every episode of the Little Rascals TV series. He was arrested on a misdemeanor charge and assigned a $1,500 bail. . The Little Rascals (1994) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. He was one of the most loved child actors. The gang is putting on a show with Alfalfa billed as "King of the Crooners. The Little Rascals (1994) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. For all of us who knew him and cherished Froggy, his early passing was a devastating blow. See more ideas about rascal, old tv shows, comedy short films. Interested in what’s going on at Coastal Pet? Receive information. Find many great new used options and get the best deals for. camera operator: second unit Marek Bojsza. He was portrayed by Blake McIver Ewing. Hide ads with VIP. See more ideas about rascal, comedy short films, child actors. The comic star of "Our Gang" in its waning years, gravel-voiced Froggy appeared in 29 episodes. 793 personen op Pinterest. Touch device users, explore by touch or with swipe gestures. Blake got his break at 9 years old when he began playing Mickey in Our Gang, after replacing Porky. Two more persons died yesterday as a result of traffic accidents in Los Angeles County. The Little Rascals (1994) Elizabeth Daily as Froggy. Many of the Little Rascals plots mirrored current events, including metal collection drives for the. Join Spanky, Alfalfa, Buckwheat, Stymie, and Porky as they pal around, going on adventures and learning about the world together. At age nine, he became the only child and youngest person nominated for the. The late William Robert "Billy" Laughlin (July 5, 1932 - August 31, 1948) played the role of "Froggy" in the Our Gang film shorts from 1940 to 1944 . 2) A gag twin scene where he uses his Froggy voice and says "Twins!" 3) The most realistic voice scene where he is rushing down a hallway and exclaims "Gangway!", in his natural. Share the best GIFs now >>>The cast of "Our Gang/Little Rascals" TV show, Hal Roach, MGM production. But beyond the human cast members, who could resist the charm of the kids’ favorite pet, Pete (or, as we prefer,. Alfalfa is wooing Darla and his "He-Man-Woman-Hating" friends attempt to. froggy sonic . See more ideas about movie stars, elvis presley photos, young elvis. One of the funniest Little Rascal quotes in the movie! 43. Menu. com. Actor. He was best known for his work as a child actor for two nonconsecutive periods in Our Gang (Little Rascals) comedies (first as "Tommy" and later as "Butch"). Story. You'll Barely Recognize Froggy From Little Rascals Now. There are believed to be just five “Rascals” remaining following the passing of Moore and Darling. Since the gang thought that their new member’s voice sounded more like a frog than it did Popeye, they started calling him Froggy. The late William Robert "Billy" Laughlin (July 5, 1932 - August 31, 1948) played the role of "Froggy" in the Our Gang film shorts from 1940 to 1944 . Smith, who lived to 87 years old, was stabbed to death by a homeless man he had befriended. The Los Angeles County Library finally sent me the research results on the accident that took the life of Billy "Froggy" Laughlin. Picked out of hundreds of black child actors at an audition by "Our Gang" producer Hal Roach, 3-year-old William "Buckwheat" Thomas appeared in 93 shorts from 1934 until the series finale in 1944. After leaving the show, McFarland enlisted in the US Air Force. Money made. The Our Gang shorts were later syndicated to television as The Little Rascals . How Did Froggy From The Little Rascals Die? At the age of sixteen, Billy Laughlin passed suddenly on August 31, 1948. With Travis Tedford, Kevin Jamal Woods, Jordan Warkol, Zachary Mabry. It's been over 20 years since The Little Rascals premiered and the cast grew up SO cute! See what the cast of The Little Rascals looks like now. Love The Little Rascals they were a great movie I wish they were back on the air. See more ideas about old photos, vintage photos, vintage photographs. "Sep 2, 2016 - Explore Loyola Bessen's board "The Little Rascals" on Pinterest. The best GIFs are on GIPHY. See Spanky, Buckwheat, Alfalfa, and all the Little Rascals at their best in these classic hilarious, heartwarming episodes. Froggy Zachary Mabry. The photo was captioned, "The Little Rascals 20th Anniversary Reunion" and it. Gabbi Shaw. 42. In 1954, the Our Gang shorts, repackaged as The Little Rascals, appeared on television for the first time, introducing a new generation of fans to the antics of America's favorite kiddie comedians. Sep 12, 2016 - Oldies. Cute Frog Reading On Stone, Miniature Reading Frog, Fairy Garden Frog With Book (11. Robert Blake, who successfully made the transition from child to adult actor, found himself in the crosshairs of a murder investigation when his second wife, Bonnie Lee Bakly. The accident occurred in front of 1224 W Valley Blvd. Cruikshank. Undated photograph. Parents say ( 20 ): Kids say ( 25 ): Our Gang was a classic -- a slapstick retelling of adult dating woes through the outlandish eyes of adult-ified kids. Watch The Little Rascals Best of Our Gang (In Color) Free Online | 1 Season. The Little Rascals: The Life and Times of Our Gang. Waldo Aloysius Johnston. Kevin Jamal Woods — Stymie. 3. froggy fresh . Today. . The Little Rascals cast is all grown up more than 25 years after the film's release Credit: Alamy 11 Fans loved the heartwarming comedy, which focused on a group of boys as they tried to break up. Watch. Blonde and bespectacled, his defining trait was a croaking voice that sounded like Popeye on helium. Please read the sidebar below for our rules. The movie was eight-year-old Jordan Warkol's big break, and if you've seen it, you probably remember him as Froggy, the bespectacled young man who always sounded like he had a frog in his throat. Waldo's Last Stand is a 1940 Our Gang short comedy film directed by Edward Cahn. Youz Crazy Alfalfa. The top solutions are determined by popularity, ratings and frequency of searches. The character was known for his deep frog-like voice, which was actually done by Laughlin. Tischtennis Schwarzlicht. Advertisement. Actor | The Little Minister. . 4. They called him Froggy because he had a voice that sounded like a frog when he spoke. The most likely answer for the clue is RASP. See more ideas about rascal, old tv shows, classic tv. In the United States, it is currently more popular than You Must Be Joking but less popular than What's It. Here's what the cast, including Raven-Symoné, the Olsen twins, and Blake McIver Ewing. Rose Hills Memorial Park. With Travis Tedford, Kevin Jamal Woods, Jordan Warkol, Zachary Mabry. 3. Release Calendar Top 250 Movies Most Popular Movies Browse Movies by Genre Top Box Office Showtimes & Tickets Movie News India Movie Spotlight. Travis Tedford as "Spanky" McFarland. Young actor Jordan Warkol was a perfect fit, goofy and nerdy just like his character. Heartbreaking Details About Froggy From The Little Rascals | Heartbreaking Details About Froggy From The Little Rascals | By Grunge. His name was Froggy because his voice in the movie was similar to a frog. Wright. See more ideas about old photos, vintage photos, vintage photographs. With Tenor, maker of GIF Keyboard, add popular Little Rascals animated GIFs to your conversations. Customer Support: 1-800-321-0248. . Created by film producer. But. All rascals drawings ship within 48 hours and include a 30-day money-back guarantee. Unfortunately, one night he got a bit. William was born on the 5th of July, 1932. LITTLE RASCALS, THE, Spanky McFarland, Wheezer (Bobby Hutchins), Dorothy DeBorba, Breezy Brisbane (Kendall McComas), Donald Haines, Stymie, Petey. The Little Rascals is a 1994 American family comedy film produced by Amblin Entertainment, and released by Universal Pictures on August 5, 1994. May 4, 2018 - Explore Mary Tenaglia's board "Little Rascals" on Pinterest. Mickey Daniels The Little Rascals film was known for bringing out new and young talent like Brittany Ashton Holmes and Bug Hall, but it was also known for the numerous high-level cameos throughout the film. feeling froggy . The most likely crossword and word puzzle answers for the clue of Froggy WhyShop for buck wheat wall art from the world's greatest living artists. But after taking a nap and dreaming of a. Jackie Cooper. She is an actress, known for The Little Rascals (1994), Ellen (1994) and We Hate Paul Revere (2014). My boyfreind used to be able to rasp, “plunk your magic twanger!” with the lewdest expression! I kinda miss him sometimes . (September 15, 1922 – May 3, 2011) was an American actor and director. Discover videos related to Gillian hiscockd on TikTok. . Eve March 21, 2003, 9:02pm 7. Starring Spanky, Alfalfa,. Trending. He is best known for playing the character Froggy in the Our Gang short films from 1940 to 1944, the films′ final years of production. Billy 'Froggy' Laughlin. Slicker Walburn convinces them they will need “invisible rays” to bring it to life which he just happens to have to sell to them. The best of Froggy. KeywordOur Gang Follies of 1938: Directed by Gordon Douglas. Parents say ( 20 ): Kids say ( 25 ): Our Gang was a classic -- a slapstick retelling of adult dating woes through the outlandish eyes of adult-ified kids. Rascals® 4. It's been over 20 years since The Little Rascals premiered and the cast grew up SO cute! See what the cast of The Little Rascals looks like now. Jackie (as Hal Roach's Rascals) Mickey Daniels. All alf drawings ship within 48 hours and include a 30-day money-back guarantee. 99. Blog - KetomealusMar 12, 2018 - Explore Jennifer Suggs Felts's board "The Little Rascals" on Pinterest. 5 Jul 1932 – 31 Aug 1948. Possible Answers: DARLAThe gang goes to a circus sideshow to visit Dickie and Spanky's uncle, mistakenly believing he is "The Wild Man from Borneo. Here's what the cast, including Raven-Symoné, the Olsen. Zwei Himmelhunde auf dem Weg zur Hölle Billard 3. As they rush off to get their money. Property of Universal Studios. Mar 12, 2018 - Explore Jennifer Suggs Felts's board "The Little Rascals" on Pinterest. Find many great new used options and get the best deals for Our Gang rare photo "Froggy" Billy Laughlin portrait Little Rascals TV mint cond at the . Alfalfa is wooing Darla and his "He-Man-Woman-Hating" friends attempt to sabotage the relationship. "Dorothy de Borba Dies at 85; Child Acress in 'Our Gang' Comedies Added: 27 Jun 1999. 20% off all products! Sale ends tonight at midnight EST. but Goodies. He was also appreciated as part of “Our Gang. . Eagle's movie spoof of the Universal movie "The Little Rascals". “The Little Rascals” fans will always hold a special. " Still, he was a talented actor and comedian, and he did get small roles in several films. The Tragedy Of Froggy From The Little Rascals Even though it's been off the air for years, Our Gang or The Little Rascals holds a special place in many American's hearts. The Good Old Days (The Little Rascals Theme Song) Written by Leroy Shield (as LeRoy Shields) Orchestrated and Arranged by William Ross. . froggy definition . Possible Answers: DARLABattles/wars. July 12, 2020 ·. 7. froggy little rascals . Share the best GIFs now >>>Jane can be seen silently mouthing Mary Ann's line. His sudden ascent to popularity as a child actor was meteoric, with his unusual voice imitating a frog’s croak captivating the hearts of viewers. Rascals 2011. . In 2002, Jay R. Little Rascals Wow. Here's what the cast, including Raven. In total, he appeared in 78 shorts as Jackie, Roosie, Adelbert Wallingford and Cousin Percy. Brittany Ashton Holmes. Our Gang (also known as The Little Rascals or Hal Roach's Rascals) is an American series of comedy short films chronicling a group of poor neighborhood children and their adventures. Money made. The Our Gang shorts were later syndicated to television as The Little Rascals . He was the kid of Robert Vine Laughlin and Charlotte C. additional lighting technician Bryan Ashford. com. At the La Puente, California, home of his family, he perished in a house fire. Porky Ross Bagley. 79 $ 20. Although Laughlin appears early in the episode, he does not say anything until he delivers a punch line in his great voice at around the nine-minute mark. 1920'S. The original group of actors were between 4 and 9 years old, and the skits were filmed in short bursts so they could remember their lines for each film. Don't forget! Following the go-cart derby, there will be a tiny tot bunny race at 3:30. Added 9 years ago anonymously in funny GIFs. Froogy was one of the "gang" on the Little rascals. additional lighting technician. The Little Rascals: Directed by Penelope Spheeris. They called him Froggy because he had a voice that sounded like a frog when he spoke. Carl Switzer, who portrayed the lovable but dorky Alfalfa in the "Our Gang"/"Little Rascals" shorts, worked various odd jobs and had run-ins with the law as an adult, as History reports. With his messy mullet and large glasses, Jordan Warkol will always be remembered for his role as Froggy. See more ideas about rascal, comedy short films, old tv shows. Actor: Rover's Big Chance. The kids, fearing incarceration, worriedly ask about the conditions. He died in 1981. . Half a century before Haim, another former child star, slugging away in anonymity after his career fizzled, died in violence. BACKGROUND According to Our Gang. "Implied" Touch up in areas 51 x 55 Acrylic and Ai. Closing: October 6, 2024. Number of Shorts: 1. During the silent years (1922–29), Roach tried such series names as Hal Roach's Rascals, but since the first short was titled Our Gang, moviegoers began to call them the "Our Gang Comedies", and that name soon became official. Like this conten. Also, he is noted for being the first actor to appear onscreen as DC Comics. PIXELS. Mickey Daniels was born on October 11, 1914 in Rock Springs, Wyoming, USA. “He makes me melt like the 4th of July” – Darla. Touch device users, explore by touch or with swipe gestures. Stay tuned for upcoming. Battles/wars. I'm making one video a day for a whole year!PLEASE subscribe and ask questions!Also check out: Aloysius Johnston III, also known by his first name Waldo, is the secondary antagonist in the 1994 comedy-family film The Little Rascals and the main antagonist in The Little Rascals: Save The Day. Little Rascals: Best of Our Gang (1930) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. Pardaah Nasheen. Sign up for our newsletter. His passing was greatly felt by his friends, family, and the entertainment business. In the remarked character of Billy Laughlin’s existence as Froggy in Little Rascals, He’s performed many big and small roles throughout his journey from the youthful child actor with a youthful guy. Billy “Froggy” Laughlin. He was new boyfriend of Darla and also tried to cheat in a talent. MUSH AND MILK, Tommy Bond (2nd from left), George ‘Spanky’ McFarland (sitting), Matthew ‘Stymie’ Beard, director Robert F. Also, “Froggy” seemed to have inherited his mother’s voice, as in one short his mom “speaks” in a loooooooow voice. The Little Rascals (1994) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. For the young performers who starred in “The Little Rascals. After Our Gang was over, Froggy was riding double on a motorized scooter with a. I always wondered if he talked like that when he was off the MGM lot. 99 Original Price $25. Franchise: Little Rascals. Robert E. With Tenor, maker of GIF Keyboard, add popular Little Rascals Gif animated GIFs to your conversations. Photo. He was known for his dangerous pranks on his costars and. Entrants must be five years and under. Learn about The Little Rascals: discover its cast ranked by popularity, see when it released, view trivia, and more. With Our Gang, George 'Spanky' McFarland, Carl 'Alfalfa' Switzer, Darla Hood. TV Shows. How many of the original Little Rascals are still alive? 4 at the age of 93. Share the best GIFs now >>>more on this quote ››. Rascals toys have options that let your dog do it all. 1994 | Maturity Rating: All | 1h 22m | Kids. After serving in the Navy during. Movies. You Are So Beautiful. The Little Rascals: Directed by Penelope Spheeris. You learn something new every day; what did you learn today? Submit interesting and specific facts…Froggy Little Rascals The article describes Froggy's death at the age of five and the beauty of his triumph as an actor at a young age. The Little Rascals (1994) ← Back to main. nginx/1. Crashes Kill Youth of 16 and Man 91. Lee died Sunday in a Minneapolis nursing home after battling lung and brain cancer, said Janice McClain, his partner of 13 years. Darla From Little Rascals Grew Up To Be Absolutely Stunning. Carl Switzer, who portrayed the lovable but dorky Alfalfa in the "Our Gang"/"Little Rascals" shorts, worked various odd jobs and had run-ins with the law as an adult, as History reports. Superman" in 1950. “- Stymie: You're not thinkin' about Darla, are ya? - Alfalfa: No, of course not. When Robert Blake was arrested in 2002 and charged with the murder of his wife, a lot of people began to look back and wonder if the kids who starred in the Our Gang films were under some kind of cloud. TV Shows. . Such a prince is charming. He is best known for playing the character Froggy in the Our Gang short films in its final stretch, from 1940 to 1944. Peabody and Sherman; 2014) Alfalfa - Tim Templeton (The Boss Baby) Darla - Penny Peterson (Mr. Tedford's busiest time as an actor came when he was five, when he starred in both The Little. TV-PG. 2 incarnations Darla Hood. When his "Little Rascals" days ended in 1934, Bond enjoyed a fairly successful career as an actor in low-budget films and a new claim to fame: He was the first actor to play Daily Planet cub reporter Jimmy Olsen onscreen, appearing in the 15-part serial "Superman" in 1948 and "Atom Man vs. Thomas Ross Bond (September 16, 1926 – September 24, 2005) was an American actor, director, producer and writer. Tragic Details About The Little Rascals. Animated Little Frog Twitch New Follower Alert / Stream Alert / Twitch Overlay / Cute Froggy (1. TV Shows. Chocolate Ice Cream (Yellow hair only) Learn To Ride A Bike (Yellow hair only) The Wallet Prank (Yellow hair only). 50 Profiles / Page. He was an actor, known for The Little Minister (1922), Roaring Roads (1935) and Uncle Tom's Uncle (1926). About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright. In total, he appeared in 78 shorts as Jackie, Roosie, Adelbert Wallingford and Cousin Percy. See more ideas about rascal, old tv shows, comedy short films. Group portrait of six child actors from the "Our Gang" comedy series standing in a railroad station in Chicago, Illinois, 1928. . [looks up and pauses] Billy 'Froggy' Laughlin (1932-1948) His mother enrolled him in a dramatic class to overcome his self-consciousness. Froogy was one of the "gang" on the Little rascals. Menu. Hutchins (March 29, 1925 – May 17, 1945) was an American child actor who was a regular in the Our Gang short subjects series from 1927 to 1933. Written by Dennis Wilson, Bruce Fisher, and Billy Preston. Although Laughlin appears early in. MUSH AND MILK, Tommy Bond (2nd from left), George ‘Spanky’ McFarland (sitting), Matthew ‘Stymie’ Beard, director Robert F. The adaptation of the beloved Our Gang TV shorts was a major moment for its diminutive cast, too, most of whom were making their on-screen debut. Read the article to know what happened to Froggy from “The Little Rascals”. Froggy was known for his unique voice, which was achieved by Laughlin speaking in a low, gravelly tone and then having his voice dubbed over in post-production. Performed by Bug Hall. .